{"product_id":"the-crusades-in-100-objects-the-great-campaigns-of-the-medieval-world-9781526795304","title":"The Crusades in 100 Objects: The Great Campaigns of the Medieval World","description":"For half a millennium, throughout almost the entire medieval period, the Catholic church sanctioned military campaigns against what it perceived as its enemies. The rise of Islam and its spread across large parts of the Middle East, Asia, North Africa, and even the peripheries of Europe, saw Muslim warriors seize the Holy Land, occupy Jerusalem, and threaten Constantinople. In response, Pope Urban II advocated a crusade to retake the Holy Land - the first of nine military campaigns that stretched over the succeeding 200 years.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eOther, lesser-known crusades were subsequently mounted with the aim of Christianizing the more remote regions of northern and north-eastern Europe, as well as against the Cathars in southern France. The advance of the Ottomans into the Balkans saw further crusades to halt the Muslims in Bosnia and Serbia, and the re-conquest of Spain from the Muslim Moors.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSuch diverse theaters of conflict have resulted in an equally diverse number of relics still to be found in a score of countries. From magnificent castles, swords, artillery and coats of arms, to Crusader-struck coins and even the brass pen box used by Muslim writers to spread the word of Islam, this remarkable collection of artifacts and structures tells the story, much of it largely forgotten, of the conflicts which shaped the nature of the Western World known today, both in spiritual and geographical terms.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eBeautifully illustrated and written by acknowledged period expert James Waterson, \u003ci\u003eThe Crusades in 100 Objects\u003c\/i\u003e opens a window into the past as never seen before.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eBinding Type:\u003c\/b\u003e Hardcover\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePublisher:\u003c\/b\u003e Frontline Books\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePublished:\u003c\/b\u003e 01\/19\/2022\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eISBN:\u003c\/b\u003e 9781526795304\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePages:\u003c\/b\u003e 256","brand":"James Waterson","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":41481364930741,"sku":"9781526795304","price":42.46,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0473\/0804\/6492\/products\/img_149b304a-689f-4e60-a24b-59b5f858b7cd.jpg?v=1640730956","url":"https:\/\/pastforward.org\/products\/the-crusades-in-100-objects-the-great-campaigns-of-the-medieval-world-9781526795304","provider":"Past Forward","version":"1.0","type":"link"}