{"product_id":"raf-tornado-units-in-combat-1992-2019-9781472850249","title":"RAF Tornado Units in Combat 1992-2019","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eThe Tornado units were deployed in many operational missions in the most recent conflicts over the Middle East and the Balkans. Featuring many first-hand combat accounts, this book tells the story of the backbone of the RAF frontline through the 1990s and up until 2019.\u003c\/b\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003eAfter the Gulf War of 1990, No Fly Zones (NFZ) were established over northern and southern Iraq and the Tornado GR 1 force stepped up to operations over the southern NFZ. \u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003eThe Tornado GR 4 took responsibility for RAF combat air operations in Afghanistan from the Harrier force in 2009, and in 2011 was involved in missions against the Gaddafi regime in Libya. The unique multirole capabilities of the aircraft enabled it to support ground operations with the Raptor reconnaissance pod, Brimstone missiles and Paveway IV laser-guided bombs until withdrawal in 2014. The Tornado GR 4 was also used for operations over Iraq and Syria against the ISIL terrorist organisation. Intensive air operations were flown between 2014 and 2019, when the Tornado GR 4 was finally withdrawn from RAF Service. \u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003eThis volume, written by former RAF pilot Michael Napier, provides detailed first-hand accounts of the missions undertaken by the Tornado crews during the most recent conflicts over the Middle East and the Balkans.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eBinding Type:\u003c\/b\u003e Paperback\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePublisher:\u003c\/b\u003e Osprey Publishing (UK)\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePublished:\u003c\/b\u003e 01\/18\/2022\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eISBN:\u003c\/b\u003e 9781472850249\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePages:\u003c\/b\u003e 96","brand":"Michael Napier","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":41500294971573,"sku":"9781472850249","price":21.25,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0473\/0804\/6492\/products\/img_f22bae68-5e1e-49e1-bb22-06eed61e1772.jpg?v=1641275320","url":"https:\/\/pastforward.org\/products\/raf-tornado-units-in-combat-1992-2019-9781472850249","provider":"Past Forward","version":"1.0","type":"link"}